2023 március / March
http://hdl.handle.net/10832/3289
2024-03-29T00:56:26ZMikroszatellita-markerek tesztelése dámszarvasok egyedi azonosítása céljából
http://hdl.handle.net/10832/3303
Mikroszatellita-markerek tesztelése dámszarvasok egyedi azonosítása céljából
Turi, Orsolya; Wagenhoffer, Zsombor; Battay, Márton; Lehotzky, Pál; Zorkóczy, Orsolya
Background: The fallow deer (Dama dama) represents a significant game
management value in Hungary due to its game meat and antler trophies.
Unfortunately, traffic accidents and illegal activities, such as poaching or illegal
trading, threaten the species and its value.
Objectives: The aim of the authors is to develop a set of tetranucleotide
microsatellite markers that are capable of individual identification of fallow deer
to help law enforcement prove the abovementioned cases.
Materials and Methods: A total of 27 fallow deer individuals from three
Hungarian sampling areas were examined. The authors tested 31 tetranucleotide
microsatellites on the samples which were originally designed for red deer (Cervus
elaphus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). Published PCR protocols were
available for all markers on the original species, which were tested and optimized
on fallow deer samples based on the visualized PCR products on agarose gel.
Afterwards, they were examined by capillary electrophoresis so that the alleles
could be separated and detected, and the polymorphic markers sorted.
Results and Discussion: Only 25 markers provided PCR products of adequate
quality and quantity, from which the capillary electrophoresis detected a total
of four polymorphic markers with two or three alleles. This shows a possible low
genetic variation in the Hungarian fallow deer population which is in accordance
with other international research on the species. It is believed that during the
Pleistocene the extreme climate caused a major reduction of the species,
which was followed by reintroduction by people, both of which resulted in the
experienced general low genetic diversity due to a genetic bottleneck, founder
effect, inbreeding, and genetic drift. As the number of polymorphic markers and
the level of allele polymorphism are low, the set of microsatellites is not yet
suitable for individual identification. The testing of further markers is needed
and more fallow deer samples from different regions should be examined, too.
2023-03-01T00:00:00ZPRRS szempontjából „Mentes vakcinázott (MV)” minősítésű nagylétszámú, fialástól a vágásig típusú sertésállomány létrehozása
http://hdl.handle.net/10832/3302
PRRS szempontjából „Mentes vakcinázott (MV)” minősítésű nagylétszámú, fialástól a vágásig típusú sertésállomány létrehozása
Fornyos, Kinga; Szegedi, László; Nagy, Patrícia; Sántha, Imre; Makkai, István; Búza, László; Kardos, Gergő; Molnár, Tamás; Bálint, Ádám; Szabó, István
Background: One of the biggest challenges in the eradication of PRRS in
Hungary’s pig herds was the eradication from large-scale farrow to finish farms.
Among the methods used for this purpose, the depopulation-repopulation is
obviously the safest, but also the most expensive procedure.
Objectives: Specialists have continuously strived to develop a method and to
apply it under Hungarian conditions, which enables the immunization of the
breeding stock, but ensures virus-free rearing for the entire life stage of the
offspring. Since 2017, the international regulations of PRRS have provided the
opportunity for this.
Materials and Methods: Studies were carried out on a pig farm with 850 sows,
from farrowing to slaughter, located in the county with the highest density of pigs
in Hungary and the one most infected with PRRS in 2014. The farm was infected
with the disease until 2016, and then in 2016-17, with a complete depop-repop
with high animal health status was put into production. At the beginning of 2018,
the farm was infected with a strain of the PRRS virus that did not occur in the
previous herd. During the eradication of this herd, the mass vaccination of the
breeding stock was carried out quarterly. The effectiveness of the vaccination
in the progeny was checked with laboratory tests (PRRS ELISA, PRRS PCR DIVA),
and with these tests the time when the immunization of the progeny could be
stopped was precisely determined. At the same time, the methods of internal
epidemic prevention were regularly revised.
Results and Discussion: In 2021, the farm met the official requirements of
a free, vaccinated pig farm from farrowing to slaughter, for which it received a
certificate. The authors present the evolution of some reproductive biological
indicators (stillbirths and live births per farrowing) during the phases of infection
and eradication.
2023-03-01T00:00:00ZA sertés intradermalis vakcinázása Irodalmi összefoglaló
http://hdl.handle.net/10832/3301
A sertés intradermalis vakcinázása Irodalmi összefoglaló
Csermely, Tibor; Danyi, Zoltán; Földi, József
The first generation of electronic devices for needle-free intradermal (id.)
vaccination became available for the farm practice at the end of the 20th century.
The wider uptake of this technology dates back to the last decade. The authors
review all aspects of id. vaccination: the basics of skin immunity, the history of
id. and needle-free vaccination, give a brief human health perspective, present
the currently available id., needle-free devices for pig vaccination, discuss the
characteristics and advantages of the method and report on the experience with
id. immunization against certain infectious diseases.
The skin immune system (SIS) consists of many different types of immune cells
of which keratinocytes and antigen-presenting dendritic cells are of particular
importance. The skin is usually richer in antigen-presenting cells than muscle
tissue, therefore, the skin is an excellent target of vaccine administration.
The only needle-free id. vaccination technique in veterinary medicine is the fluid
jet injection, which delivers a high-speed vaccine stream into the id., sc. or im.
regions, depending on the air pressure of the device [15]. The paper gives an
overview of needle-free devices for intradermal and transdermal use.
The characteristics and advantages of the needle-free id. vaccination of pigs can
be summarized as: (i) lower dose volume, (ii) better animal welfare, (iii) reduced
risk of pathogens transmission, (iv) labour efficiency and safety, (v) more frequent
but smaller and transient post-vaccination local reactions, (vi) improved food
safety and (vii) less amount of dangerous waste material.
A growing body of scientific papers shows that needle-free id. vaccination in pigs is
at least equivalent in efficacy, while superior in terms of safety, animal welfare, and
labour efficiency as compared to the common intramuscular vaccination in pigs.
2023-03-01T00:00:00ZKannabidiol (CBD) alkalmazása a lógyógyászatban 2. rész Irodalmi összefoglaló
http://hdl.handle.net/10832/3300
Kannabidiol (CBD) alkalmazása a lógyógyászatban 2. rész Irodalmi összefoglaló
Tokareva, Marina; Wermer, Kata; Cserhalmi, Dániel; Tóth, Luca Anna; Alberti, Ágnes; Wagenhoffer, Zsombor; Korbacska-Kutasi, Orsolya
In this paper, the latest literature of the use of cannabidiol (CBD) in equine medicine is summarised by the authors, including the pharmacology of cannabinoids, safetiness of their use, experiments in pharmacodynamics and major indication of its use in horses. Cannabinoids are biologically active compounds isolated from the cannabis plant and are able to form stable bonds with cannabinoid receptors. CBD is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid. In humans and other species (e.g. rodents, dogs, etc.) cannabinoids are proven to have anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsive, anxiolytic and analgesic effects. In veterinary medicine, cannabinoids have been studied in cases of osteoarthritis,
neuropathies, epilepsy, allergic and respiratory diseases. In equine medicine, the vast majority of publications focus on the pharmacokinetics of CBD, but true efficiency is anecdotal. The usual dose of CBD was given between 0.1–3 mg/kg. The highest plasma concentration of CBD was measured just above 50 ng/ml, which was the result of orally given full spectrum CBD pellet in 2 mg/kg dose. In one study, CBD oil was given transmucosally in a low dose of 0.1 mg/kg, which reached a significant 27 ng/ml plasma concentration of CBD. Therapeutic effect is reached between the plasma concentration of 200-800 ng/ml in canines. Exact therapeutic plasma concentration in horses has not been specified yet,
which means that low biological utilization of CBD does not indicate low efficiency.
There are several types of CBD products available for horse owners, however only a handful of products passed quality control inspections. This fact indicates that the manufacturer cannot prove the existence of the promised CBD concentration. The effectiveness of CBD in equine medicine is still not proven, however, based on the studies so far, further examinations of its pharmacokinetics are necessary.
2023-03-01T00:00:00Z