Az anti-Müller-hormon (AMH) mennyiségének összefüggése a petefészekképletekkel és a petesejttartalék kimerülésével kancában és tehénben

Abstract

The main role of AMH is to induce the regression of the Mullerian duct during the male sexual differentiation. However, in females, AMH is not expressed during the period of sexual differentiation, this guarantees the proper development of the female genital tract. In women and female animals, AMH expression can be detected in the granulosa cells of early primary, preantral and small antral follicles after birth. AMH regulates the follicle number and selection of the dominant follicle during follicular waves. In the postnatal ovary, AMH plays a key role in the recruitment of primordial follicles by preventing these follicles from joining the pool of growing follicles before the selection process. Thus, AMH prevents premature exhaustion of the ovarian follicle reserve. Nowadays anti-Mullerian hormone is the subject of several research in human reproductive biology, due to the fact that it is an indicator of fertility and reproductive ageing. In the case of domestic animals, research in this direction is especially important because fertility is often identified as the primary factor that hinders the efficiency of livestock systems. It is important to emphasize that the effectiveness of assisted reproduction techniques depends to a large extent on the physiological parameters of the individual, such as the antral follicle population (AFP) of the ovary. In this way, the efficiency of assisted reproduction techniques can be greatly diminished by the great variability in the number of antral follicles of the donors. AMH seems to be useful endocrine marker to estimate ovarian reserve capacity. The aim of this study was to summarize the physiological functions of AMH and its correlation with ovarian reserve capacity and age.