Antimikrobiális rezisztencia hazai nagylétszámú házityúk- állományokban, hasznosítási irányok alapján 2022-2023 között

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a significant contemporary challenge, necessitating national action plans complemented by continuous and targeted monitoring efforts. The critical need for such monitoring is especially pro- nounced for pathogens that pose a substantial risk to both animal and public health, within varied geographical contexts. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of key pathogenic bacteria — Staphylococcus, Enterococcus and Escherichia coli — to essential antimicrobial agents. These bacteria were selected due to their significant impact on animal health and their potential threat to public health, underscoring the importance of understanding their resistance patterns in large domestic flocks. Materials and Methods: In several predefined regions in Hungary, we collected fifteen tracheal and fifteen cloacal swab samples from at least three sites per region. This extensive sampling facilitated the isolation of bacterial strains, whose sensitivity was subsequently assessed through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) deter- mination. The resultant data were then analyzed to discern any significant variances in resistance patterns in different types of livestock utilization. Results and Discussion: Our findings revealed marked differences in AMR profiles, particularly between meat-producing herds and others. Notably, vancomycin resistance of Staphylococcus from breeding herds reached 19.7%, highlighting a potential health crisis. Resistance to amoxicillin and neomycin was generally low, under 20%. Entero- coccus showed a drastic 91.6% resistance to spectinomycin in meat flocks, contrasted with 23.3% in breeding flocks. Sulphonamide resistance was significantly varied, peak- ing in breeding flocks at 83.6%. Escherichia coli resistance to several antibiotics was significantly higher in meat herds than in breeding herds, underscoring the need for targeted interventions. The pronounced AMR variances in different types of livestock underline the necessity for tailored surveillance and interventions. Our study sheds light on the AMR scenario within Hungary's agricultural sector, offering insights for developing more nuanced AMR management and control strategies.