Hazai cigájaváltozatok jellemzése a mitokondriális DNS kontrollrégiója alapján

Abstract

SUMMARY The maintenance of a greater genetic diversity is indispensable on the course of preservation of our old, rare domestic animal breeds. The authors analyse the genetic background by use of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence in the Hungarian native Tsigai breed firstly, and compare it to the sequences of Gen- Bank. Their investigation was carried out in order to serve data for a within family selection. The DNA samples were taken from the descendants of the eldest families based on herd booking (and additionally, from two more breed variants, altogether from 81 individuals) in 2014. The control region of mtDNA showed nucleotide deviation at 98 sites. However, the differences among the individuals were limited to few ones; so the maternal genetic background of the Tsigai breed seems to be unified. The genetic information confirmed the origin of the families/flocks known from the breed history. Ninety-four % of the samples belonged to the haplogroup B of sheep (in 42 cases with full matches with reference of GenBank, DQ852175.1). This fact proves the common maternal origin of the Hungarian Tsigai with the other European sheep breeds. A more intense focusing on the maternal side is motivated also by the fact that the females exceed in number the males, respectively they remain in breeding for a longer period of time, so they can at larger extent be the depositaries of realization and maintenance of genetic diversity.