Modification of the Innate Immune Response using Low Molecular Weight Substances and its Effects on Renal Carcinoma Cells in a Mouse Model

Abstract

For many years, it has been understood that the immune system can eliminate developing tumors. However, immunosuppressive factors expressed by malignant cells may impede the host’s ability to eradicate established tumors by disrupting the balance between regulatory and effector immune cells. Thus, finding the right combination of immunostimulants has been at the forefront of immuno-oncology research in recent years. Cytosine-phosphorothioate-Guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) is a biopolymer that has exhibited promising results in murine models, leading to the regression of specific tumors when administered alongside an anti-OX40 antibody.