A fény hatása a szarvasmarhák termelésére : Irodalmi összefoglaló

Abstract

Light is essential for most organisms not only for vision, but also in regulation of physiological and behavioural processes influenced by circadian and circannual rhythms. Hence, the photoperiod has effects on health, well-being and production of animals. In their study, the authors review the results of Hungarian and foreign researches related to light supplementation in cattle breeding. First, the light perception of cattle and the relationship between light and melatonin synthesis are introduced. Based on large number of literary work, the connection between photoperiod and reproduction, growth, lactation milk production are discussed as well as its relations to immune function, blood parameters, behaviour and welfare. Finally, different light sources applied in barn illumination are characterised and methods of light measurement are also presented. The authors conclude that application of light supplementation is worth in producing dairy herds. During lactation the long-day photoperiods have favourable effect on milk production, however, at least 6-hour-long dark period is needed every day. Conversely, during dry period the effect of short-day photoperiod was proven to be advantageous. Choosing the appropriate light source is a crucial factor in terms of the reqiured illumination. Longlife, efficient and low-energy light sources, that do not disturb the animals and do not result in adverse behavioural changes are acceptable. LED light is confirmed to be the most adequate in light supplementation in all the mentioned aspects.