Challenges, risks and benefits related to the use of cleaner fish in Norwegian aquaculture

Abstract

There is a desperate need for methods to control the current salmon lice situation in Norway. In some farms the numbers of lice may reach so high that they represent a direct welfare challenge to the salmon. The benefits of using cleaner fish in the fight against salmon lice are obvious, both to the salmon and the environment. Although the general principles of fish welfare are similar, it is essential to be aware of the biology and needs of the individual species that are cultivated. The current situation of cleaner fish is unsatisfactory and measures have to be taken to improve cleaner fish welfare and health. Cohabitation with cleaner fish does not present any stress to the farmed salmon like crowding and handling related to both chemical and mechanical treatments.