Anatomical Surgical Landmarks in Thoracolumbar Surgery of Dogs

Abstract

In recent years, thoracolumbar surgeries have gained increasingly high importance in veterinary surgery as they can effectively treat a wide range of conditions affecting the spinal column in the thoracal and lumbar regions. Seamless anatomical knowledge is therefore essential for the surgeon to evaluate the various amount of anatomical surgical landmarks during the surgery, which can help to find the accurate site of the lesion. These landmarks are important anatomical features of the spinal structures that can be easily and safely evaluated in a reproducible manner intraoperatively.