Kutya bélrendszeri megbetegedéseinek in vitro modellezési lehetőségei - Irodalmi összefoglaló

Abstract

The gastrointestinal tract has a large surface area in contact with harmful agents that enter the body through the oral route, and through its complex function, it plays a significant role in keeping pathogenic microorganisms and other hazardous compounds away. Almost every fifth dog is affected by some form of enteropathies. Intestinal diseases can be divided into acute and chronic forms. In order to establish the exact diagnosis, various additional tests, including faecal examination, abdominal ultrasound, gastroscopy, and histopathological examination may be indispensable. Often not only the diagnosis, but also the treatment is very complex and complicated. The use of in vitro models is essential for a more precise understanding of the cause of inflammatory bowel diseases and for examining its therapeutic possibilities. Several in vitro models have become widely used to study intestinal diseases in dogs. In addition to the homogeneous two-dimensional sustainable cell lines of tumour origin, such as the Caco-2 and HT-29 colon carcinoma cell lines, which are very popular for permeability studies, three-dimensional organoid cultures with a heterogeneous cell composition have also appeared, which allow improved modelling of in vivo conditions. From the results of in vitro intestinal research studies in dogs, root causes of diseases can be better understood, and new therapeutic options can be revealed, which can ensure more successful treatment and a better quality of life for our canine patients. From the results, relevant conclusions can be drawn for human medicine, based on the similarity of the environment and nutrition of dogs and humans, of the structure of the intestinal system, and the composition of the microbiota, and of intestinal diseases.