Altatás napos korban víziszárnyas fajokban – kihívások és megoldások

Abstract

Background: The most widely used method for avian in vitro gene conservation is the cryopreservation of semen. This technique is only suitable for the preservation of male genome; therefore, an alternative method is needed for the conservation of female genetic material. For this purpose, cryopreservation and transplantation of gonadal tissue at day-old age can be suitable. In domestic fowl donor-derived progeny has been regained from the transplantation of frozen / thawed ovary. In duck donor-derived offspring was obtained from transplantation of native ovarian tissue, however, in geese no similar results have been published. Objectives: For performing the ovarian transplantation, a short, 15 minutes long anaesthesia is needed. In the literature there is very few information about the anaesthesia of waterfowl species at day-old age. The aim of this study is to present the challenges of the anaesthesia of day-old geese and duck. Materials and Methods: For the anaesthesia of day-old Grey Landes and White Hungarian geese and mulard ducks the authors first applied the protocol developed for day-old chicks (combination of ketamine 10 mg/kg and xylazine 2 mg/ kg, administered intramuscularly (im.)) but this only resulted mild sedation. Then the dosage of the medications was raised to 15 mg/kg of ketamine and 3 mg/kg of xylazine. For the maintenance no anaesthetic machine was used, only a piece of cotton infused with isoflurane, administered drop by drop. Subsequently, the combination of ketamine (15 mg/kg), xylazine (3 mg/kg) and midazolam (2 mg/kg) was administered im., then after 10 minutes the dose was repeated, which led to cardiac arrest probably due the cumulation of drugs in the adipose tissue. After that both in geese and ducks part the combination was given im., then after 10 minutes the leftover intravenously (iv.). Results and Discussion: Administration of the 70% of the combination im. then after 10 minutes the 30% iv. resulted the required level of anaesthesia. In case of ducks, the authors found that applying the dose only intravenously was the most suitable technique, because then the animals only need to be injected once. Developing the anaesthesia protocol can make it possible to perform the ovarian transplantation in day-old waterfowl species.