A szarvasmarhák paratuberculosisaés az ember Crohn-betegsége közötti lehetséges kapcsolat - Irodalmi összefoglaló

Abstract

SUMMARY Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) is a chronic bacterial disease in cattle asso-ciated with inflammation of the bowel and diarrhoea caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Paratuberculosis is a major issue within the ruminant sector both from animal health and economic aspects, since it causes major losses in production even in its subclinical form, while the clinical form is invariably fatal. Although research has been going on for almost 30 years to determine the public health implications of MAP, no general con-sensus concerning a possible involvement in Crohn ́s disease (CD) in humans has been reached yet. From the articles published recently, some do not even mention MAP as a possible cause of CD, some are indecisive, some assume that MAP plays a causative role, and one even names MAP as the main cause of the disease and another defines MAP as a zoonotic agent. In the present review the authors show the possible evidence and the counter-arguments in the con-nection between paratuberculosis and CD and highlight the possible routes of transmission and the potential risks in the food chain. Based on the currently available literature, CD is understood as a typical multifactorial disease and MAP is only one of the potential causes, however, veterinarians have to act prudently when attending MAP affected herds because of a potential zoonotic risk. Herd level control programs should be developed and implemented to minimise MAP infection within the herd and keep the potential zoonotic risk as low as possible.