Magyarországi csípőszúnyogfajok (Diptera: Culicidae) által terjeszthető fontosabb állati kórokozók, valamint ezek hatása a haszonállatokra

Abstract

SUMMARY The family of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) is relatively well-studied in Hungary. Occurrence of 54 taxa has been reported. The biting mosquitoes transmit a variety of human and animal pathogens, i.e. viruses, bacteria, protozoa and worms. Approximately 20 of these organisms can be transmitted by mosquitoes.In this paper the author summarizes scientific results related to the most important pathogens and their mosquito vectors in Hungary.The West Nile Virus (WNV) is one of the most broadly distributed arboviruses in the world. The presence of WNV in Hungary has been proved since the 1960s. First investigations relating to ecological role of the Hungarian mosquito-borne virus transmissions and the mechanism of the WNV have begun in 2011. The virus has been isolated from four biting mosquito species (Ochlerotatus annu-lipes, Culex pipiens, Coquillettidia richiardii and Uranotaenia unguiculata) till now.Important protozoa, the causative agents of avian malaria were detected from a Cx. pipiens specimen in 2013.The transmission of diseases caused by filarial nematodes also depends on the presence of competent mosquito species. In Hungary, there are only two filarial parasites, which are known to be transmitted by native biting mosquitoes. O. caspius is known to be a potential vector of Dirofilaria repens and Aedes vexans isa potential vector of Setaria tundranematode.Further major viral (myxomatosis) and bacterial (anthrax and tularaemia) diseases have not been described in Hungary from mosquito species yet. Higher-than-average numbers of mosquitoes can cause serious economic losses. Cows that are constantly badgered by mosquitos provide less milk and may suffer weight loss. By chickens, it can lead to feather loss, even to mortality.