Hazai sertéstakarmányok multi-mikotoxin szennyezettségének felmérése

Abstract

SUMMARY Background: Multi-mycotoxin exposure is rather frequent, since farm animals’ feed is made of mixed cereals, which may contain different mycotoxins. Combined toxicity has gained higher attention in the last 15 years.Based on complex analysing multiple ten or hundred mycotoxins it can be stated that at the same time multiple mycotoxins or their metabolites are present in the feeds. In Hungary such a study has not yet been performed. Objectives: The objective of the authors was the multi-mycotoxic monitoring study of Hungarian pig feed samples, based on raw materials harvested in years 2016 and 2017. Materials and Methods: In the frame of the study concentration of 74 mycotoxins and mycotoxin metabolites were determined from swine complete feed samples (representing feed for gilts, fattening pigs, pregnant and lactating sows). The first sampling represents feeds based on cereals harvested in year 2016, while the second is characteristic for raw materials from the year 2017. The analysis was performed with LC-MS/MS method. Results and Discussion: For 74 metabolites detectable concentration values were attained, while the regulation limits or recommended values (2006/576/EC; 574/2011/EU; 2013/165/EU) were not exceeded in any of the cases. In general, it can be established that samples from the year 2016 showed significantly higher Fusarium toxin contamination, as compared to the samples collected in year 2017. The higher toxin level might be attributable to the extreme weather typical of 2016 compared to 2017, based on the data of Hungarian Meteorological Service. Such a detailed monitoring study, taking more than 70 mycotoxins into consideration in case of the feed of most important meat-producing animal species has not yet been conducted in Hungary. Data have been compared to those published internationally.