| dc.description.abstract | SUMMARY
In the present literature review it is emphasised that investigations on the
drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, highly involved in hepatic
and intestinal detoxifying processes, are of special importance in wild animal
species. Concerning the function of hepatic CYPs, only limited data are available
about hunted game species in Central Europe, while absolutely no information
can be found with regard on the intestinal drug metabolism. According to literature data, relevant differences were observed in the activity and inducibility
of hepatic CYP subfamilies in various species. For instance, in wild ruminants,
the activity of most investigated CYPs was higher than in cattle, indicating
the increased xenobiotic exposure of wild animals compared to their domestic
counterparts. Further investigations in hunted wild animals (such as wild boar;
red, roe and fallow deer) would be of high interest, from comparative biochemical approach and for practical implications as well. By assessing the activity
and substrate specificity of several CYP subfamilies, new data can be gained
on the susceptibility of each species to various toxicants, considering also age
and gender-dependent differences. The suggested correlations between CYP
activities and the level of environmental pollutants may provide the possibility
of applying drug-metabolizing enzymes as ecotoxicological markers of common
agricultural or industrial toxicants. Investigating CYP-related drug metabolism
in wildlife species can clarify some possible toxicokinetic interactions and might
highlight the suspected xenobiotic exposures in the appropriate region, thus
having huge importance in the production of safe game meat, being free of toxic
residues. To fulfil the above mentioned goals, the authors are currently conducting comparative studies on hepatic and intestinal CYP enzymes in hunted wild
species, such as in wild boar. | en_US |
