Tyzzer–betegség kölyökkutyában Esetismertetés

Abstract

Summary Background: Tyzzer’s disease is caused by Clostridium piliforme a spore-forming gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium, which can rarely find in dogs. Objectives: Tyzzer’s disease was diagnosed in a puppy. The results of clinical examination and different laboratory methods are discussed. Materials and Methods: A 2 month old St. Bernard male dog suffered from diarrhoea and inappetence for several weeks. The puppy suddenly had fever and jaundice and died in two days in spite of treatment. The puppy was sent for laboratory examination, which included gross pathological, histological (heart, lungs, spleen, liver, kidney, small intestine) and immunohistochemical (IHC) examination (distemper, canine parvovirus, canine infectious hepatitis, leptospirosis, Toxoplasma gondii). Additionally rabbit anti–Mycobacterium bovis antibody was used for IHC test, which detects several different bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Bacteriological examination was also performed (spleen, small intestine), and for the detection of C. piliforme the PCR test was used. Results and Discussion: On gross pathological examination anaemia, severe jaundice and enlarged liver and spleen were observed. With histological examination disintegration, degeneration and scant necrosis of hepatocytes were observed, associated with several macrophages and few other inflammatory cell types located in the sinusoids. Multifocal necrosis was found in the heart, also associated with large number of macrophages and few other inflammatory cell types. Intracellular gram-negative filamentous bacteria in bundle or criss–cross were found in liver evenly distributed and on the border of necrotic area in heart using Warthin–Starry silver or Giemsa staining. The bacterium immunostained with rabbit anti–Mycobacterium bovis antibody based IHC test. C. piliforme was detected in the liver, using PCR method. No other pathogens were found. The first case of Tyzzer’s disease was published in dog 16 years ago in Hungary. This is the second case to report the occurrence of the disease in dog in Hungary.