Culicoides-fajok: növekvő jelentőségű betegségek kevéssé ismert vektorai - Irodalmi összefoglaló és a hazai felmérő vizsgálat tapasztalatai

Abstract

SUMMARY Although some early and small-scale studies on the midge fauna were carried out in Hungary in the 1930s, the interpretation of these data is difficult. Therefore, a monitoring programme was initiated after the first bluetongue outbreaks in Hungary. During this programme (2008−2012, 2014−2015) 669 trap contents were collected from 82 collection sites. Altogether 85,673 biting midges were identified at species or species complex level. Culicoides imicola was not detected in Hungary. The majority of midges (63.5%) belonged to the Culicoides pulicaris complex. However, the proportion of C. pulicaris sensu stricto was negligible (< 0.2%), and the majority of midges (99.7%) belonged to two species (Culicoides newsteadi and Culicoides punctatus) within C. pulicaris complex. Culicoides obsoletus complex, Culicoides nubeculosus complex and other Culicoides spp. (Culicoides pictipennis, Culicoides festivipennis, Culicoides fascipennis, Culicoides salinarius/circumscriptus and Culicoides parroti) represented 11.7%, 12.3% and 12.5% of the total number of midges, respectively. The first midges could be captured in April, and the first peak of activity could be observed in May. From June, the activity decreased until August when the second peak of activity could be seen. The activity decreased from September, and the vector-free period started in December. Current knowledge on Culicoides spp. is also summarized.