| dc.description.abstract | Pasteurella multocida, a member of the Pasteurellaceae family, is a widespread
Gram-negative veterinary pathogen with the potential to cause zoonotic
infection in humans. Primarily, it is involved in the etiology of fowl cholera in
birds, hemorrhagic septicemia in ungulates, and atrophic rhinitis in swine. As
an opportunistic pathogen it is associated with respiratory diseases in various
host species.
The spread of antibiotic resistance is one of the most outstanding challenges
of our time. This article attempts to summarize the phenotypic and genotypic
methods available for testing the antibiotic sensitivity of bacterial strains, their
advantages and disadvantages. It covers how resistance can develop against
different families of antibiotics. Based on literature data, we summarize the
changes in the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of P. multocida strains by time,
considering the different host species and the geographical location.
The presented literature shows that the determination of minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) is increasingly replacing the disk diffusion test over time.
Furthermore, more and more studies are reporting on the investigation of
resistance genes.
Analysing the available data, they showed differences in the antibiotic sensitivity
profiles between the different parts of the world and between the host species.
Moreover, these profiles may change from year to year depending on the spread
of resistance, so tracking them is very useful for identifying trends. In general,
ceftiofur, florfenicol, and enrofloxacin continue to be effective against P. multocida.
On the other hand, the proportion of strains resistant to sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim, gentamicin, erythromycin, amoxicillin and various tetracyclines is
increasing. Particularly outstanding resistance can be found in the case of some
sulphonamides and clindamycin. | en_US |
