| dc.description.abstract | The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most threatening problems
of human health. In both public and animal health, multi-drug resistant (MDR)
bacterial strains are increasingly emerging, which results in difficulties in the
antimicrobial therapy. Until now, only the importance of farm animals has been
emphasized in the context of AMR, but more recently it was shown that companion
animals can also play a major role in its spread. The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis of antibiotics is an efficient tool that can contribute to the
reduction of the spread of resistant pathogens. It provides exact data, according to
which the optimal dose and dosing interval can be selected to ensure a safe and
effective use of antibiotics and reduce the chance of the evolutionary selection
of antibiotic-resistant isolates of bacteria. As a result, the negative impact and
the pressure on human health can be reduced. The authors outline below the
resistance threats posed by the close contact between humans and companion
animals, pointing out at the indirect and direct effects of spreading resistance
and highlighting the most important multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial species
that pose a public health risk. Furthermore, they summarise the key points of
PK/PD analysis, covering the three main PK/PD indices (%T>MIC, Cmax/MIC, AUC/
MIC), the most important PK parameters (Cmax, tmax, t1/2, AUC, F, Cl, MRT) and the
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) used in susceptibility testing. Finally, the
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data on βlactam antibiotics in companion animals, available in the literature are presented, in an attempt to highlight
the correlations that may facilitate the prudent antibiotic use. The authors also
present the differences in PK parameters of the respective substances between
dogs and cats through publications in the literature. | en_US |
