Gyakorlati tapasztalatok az állatvédelmi közigazgatási szankciók vonatkozásában

Abstract

ÖSSZEFOGLALÁS A szerzők adatelemzést végeztek hazánk egyes állatvédelmi hatóságainál, amelynek eredményei rámutattak, hogy a vizsgált területeken igen csekély a jogkövető magatartást tanúsító ügyfelek száma. Az előírt feltételek megvalósítására való kötelezés esetében megfigyelhető volt a teljesítés elmaradása, állatvédelmi bírság kiszabása esetén a hatóság a legtöbb esetben igyekezett a lehető legkisebb bírságösszeggel dolgozni, ennek ellenére azok jelentős része nem került befizetésre, behajtása sem vezetett eredményre. Ez arra utal, hogy a megbírságoltak egy része nem rendelkezik megfelelő jövedelemmel, ami korrelál a járások területén található hátrányos helyzetű települések nagy számával. SUMMARY Background: The regulation of animal protection in Hungary is characterized by complexity covering several branches of law, the largest part of this is represented by its appearance in administrative law, leaving criminal law as the ultima ratio. Objectives: The animal control authorities fight to enforce the interest and the appropriate treatment of animals day by day. Application of administrative sanctions are essential part of this. However, these sanctions do not lead to the expected results in every case. There are social stratas for which the application of sanctions seems like an unnecessary windfall since they cannot be forced to behave appropriately with any sanctions. A significant change in animal protection can be achieved if these outdated ideas, which persist to this day, are removed in all areas. Materials and Methods: Based on data analysis carried out in the area of Komló and Hegyhát districts, the lack of voluntary compliance was also observed in cases in which the authority only obliged the animal keeper without a fine imposition. This fact points out that in the affected districts the number of customers who demonstrate law-abiding behavior is very small. Results and Discussion: In most cases when a fine was imposed, the authority tried to work with the smallest possible fine, despite of this a significant part of fine was not paid. According to our data in several cases the collection of fines did not lead to results. This indicates that some of the fined customers do not have adequate income which correlates with the large number of disadvantaged settlements in the districts. Application of administrative sanctions in such circumstances raises a lot of questions. At the same time it should not be forgotten that the primary purpose of their application is to restore social order. Administrative sanctions affect not only the individuals but society as a whole. Accordingly, their application is essential even if it does not always seem reasonable under the given circumstances.