Generalizált T-sejtes lymphoma hegyi fürjben (Oreortyx pictus) : Esetismertetés

Abstract

ÖSSZEFOGLALÁS A szerzők hazánkban elsőként írtak le T-sejtes, aleukaemiás, multicentrikus lymphomát hegyi fürjben. A lymphoid sejtek burjánzása miatt a máj és a vesék megnagyobbodtak és a parenchyma sorvadása miatt a méregtelenítő funkcióját is elvesztette ez a két szerv. Egyéb szervekben mint a mirigyesgyomorban és a herében kórszövettani vizsgálattal lehetett lymphoidsejt-burjánzást kimutatni. A daganatos sejtek pozitív reakciót adtak a CD3 immunhisztokémiai vizsgálatban, ami alapján a daganat T-sejtes eredetét lehetett igazolni. A PCR-vizsgálattal nem lehetett kimutatni a circovírusok, a polyomavírusok, a herpeszvírusok és a madarakban gyakran onkogén tulajdonságú retrovírusok genetikai anyagát, így a vírusos háttér nem volt igazolható. SUMMARY Background: In addition to domestic birds, lymphoma is also known in exotic species, it is particularly common in parrots and songbirds, but it can also occur in other species, so the form of the tumor localized to the skin has also been described in peacocks. Basically, two forms are known, B- and T-cell lymphoma. In the event when immature lymphoid cell elements also appear in the blood circulation, we are talking about a leukemic form. If only the organs are filtered by the lymphoid cell population, then we are dealing with an aleukemic form. Lymphoid cells infiltrating and proliferating in organs significantly change the basic tissue structure (creating atrophy and degeneration in the parenchymal cell populations), causing partial or even complete dysfunction of the organ or organ system. Liver involvement is very common in ornamental birds, which can be accompanied by liver enlargement (hepatomegaly), and leads to liver failure due to loss of hepatocyte function. When the kidney is affected, excretion is disturbed in all cases, and the removal of toxins and waste products is delayed. Objectives: The authors were the first in Hungary to describe a T-cell, aleukemic, multicentric lymphoma in mountain quail. Materials and Methods: The Mountain quail was dissected according to the rules of diagnostic examination, histopathological sections were prepared from the organs showing changes, and CD3 immunohistochemical reaction was performed. Blood smear was examined with Giemsa staining, and an aerobic bacteriological examination was performed on the liver. Small parts from the organs (liver, kidney) of the bird’s carcass were pooled and used for PCR-based detection of the genetic material of some viruses (circo, polyoma, herpes and retrovirus). Results and Discussion: Due to the proliferation of lymphoid cells, the liver and the kidneys became enlarged, and due to the atrophy of the parenchyma, these two organs also lost their detoxification function. In other organs, such as the glandular stomach and the testicle, lymphoid cell proliferation could be detected by histological examination. The tumor cells gave a positive reaction in the CD3 immunohistochemical test, based on which the T-cell line lymphoma could be confirmed. It was not possible to detect with the PCR test the genetic material of circoviruses, polyomaviruses, herpesviruses and retroviruses that often play an oncogenic role in birds. Thus, in our case, the viral background could not be verified.