Multicentrikus lymphoma egy zangersheide kancában - Esetismertetés

Abstract

ÖSSZEFOGLALÁS A szerzők egy lymphomás ló esetén keresztül mutatják be a kórkép oktanát, klinikai tüneteit, diagnosztikai és gyógykezelési lehetőségeit. A lovat mellkasi folyadékgyülem miatt szállították az Állatorvostudományi Egyetem Lógyógyászati Tanszék és Klinikájára. A ló klinikai vizsgálatakor a következő elváltozásokat találták: emelkedett pulzus- és légzésszám, nagy mennyiségű vörhenyes mellűri folyadék, a mellüregben a rekesszel összefüggésben látható képlet. A vizsgálat során daganat gyanúja merült fel. Az intenzív terápia ellenére a ló állapota romlott, így véglegesen elaltatták. A kórbonctani vizsgálat során multicentrikus lymphomát állapítottak meg. SUMMARY Background: Although lymphoma is the most common malignant neoplasm in the horse and have a highly variable clinical presentation and course, only limited information is available about its clinical signs, diagnosis and therapy in the Hungarian literature. Objective: Through the case of a 5 years old Zangersheide mare, the authors review the classification, clinical signs, diagnostic and treatment options, and outcome of lymphoma. Material and Methods: The horse was referred as an emergency case to the Department and Clinic of Equine Medicine of the University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest. The mare had lethargy, inappetence and fever on the day of presentation. On admission, the horse showed signs of fever, ventral oedema, distended jugular veins, muffled heart sounds, tachycardia, pleural and peritoneal effusion. The pleural fluid collected via thoracocentesis was grossly serosanguineous. Routine haematology revealed anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis with neutrophilia. Ultrasonography of the thorax showed a mass on the diaphragm. Cytology of a needle aspiration sample revealed lymphocytic infiltration, without evidence of neoplastic cells. The mare was treated with blood transfusion, a haemostatic drug, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics and vitamins. Results and discussion: After 1 month of hospitalisation, the mare started to show colic signs, and had abdominal bleeding. Because of the poor prognosis, the horse was euthanised. Necropsy revealed a multicentric lymphoma, tumours were on the kidneys, ovaries, abdominal lymph nodes and diaphragm. Lymphoma, although rare, is the most common haematopoietic neoplasm encountered in horses and can occur at any age. According to studies, a better prognosis can be achieved with early diagnosis. It is important to inform owners that treatment may not be curative, only palliative.