Parasitic species and zoonotic diseases affecting companion animals in resource-limited and rural communities in South Africa

Abstract

Companion animals in resource-limited and rural communities in South Africa are negatively impacted by the socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental challenges that their owners face, resulting in increased parasitic and disease burden. The research notes the exacerbating impact of climate change and urbanisation on zoonotic disease risk, linked to alterations in vector ecology and wildlife-domestic animal interactions. Cultural practices, including informal livestock slaughter and the unrestricted keeping of pet animals, are contributing factors to the persistence, and spread of zoonoses. The lack of accessible veterinary services, largely provided by overstretched welfare organizations, poses the most substantial barrier to disease management. This is compounded by infrastructural deficiencies such as inadequate sanitation and water supply systems, which facilitate disease transmission.